Sciatica Is The Most Common Form Of Nervous Diseases


The term “sciatica” or rather “ishias” denotes a certain syndrome, characterized by pain in the sciatic nerve, and this term defines neither any causes of the disease, nor a place of defeat. This disease has been known a long time ago; the first mention of it occurs in the XV century, but detailed clinical description is given only in the XVIII century.
Sciatica is the most common disease among certain forms of nervous diseases, and especially among the various lesions of the peripheral nervous system. According to statistical information of hospitals, sciatica makes from 12 to 20 percent of all nervous disorders and from 60 to 70 percent of all lesions of peripheral nervous system. Under the outpatient data, there are higher figures – up to 30% of all nervous diseases. Approximately the same data occurs in different countries of Europe and Asia (data of Bernhardt and Sykkar and others). But, apparently, disease is more prevalent in the northern and middle latitudes than in the south.
The disease mainly affects adults. According to our data, more than 60% of patients are people who are 40 years old and above, 25% are people of the age between 30 and 40. Sciatica is rare disease until 20 and children almost never have it, except in those cases where the syndrome is caused by tuberculous spondylitis, severe spinal injury, etc.
Both men and women are prone to the disease. According to the old statistical information, the men get sick more often than women, approximately revenge 5:1. According to recent statistics (for railway workers), there are other numbers it is 5 to 4. Usually individuals engaged in heavy physical labor and those who work in adverse temperature conditions are ill with the disease. 70% of sciatica cases fall at manual workers. According to our the last time observations, those who are engaged in physical labor, make approximately 60% of all sciatica patients, those who are engaged in intellectual work – about 30% and 10% are other categories of the population – retirees, housewives, etc. These data applies equally to both men and women.
Sciatica diseases occur in all seasons, but it happens slightly higher in winter (39%). If fall and spring would be added to this time, we will see that the percentage of disease in the cold months increases up to 67%. The largest number of patients falls at November and February, the lowest – at July and August.
The disease we are speaking about occurs not only in outpatients but also in clinical practice where it appears under various names: sciatica (most often), neuralgia, neuritis of the sciatic nerve. There are no clear topographic and etiological characteristics in all of these names. The need for classification, constructed in the light of these data, long overdue, but only timid steps in this direction are made yet.
Old division of sciatica onto the radicular and stem ones can no longer satisfy the clinician. Current knowledge already allows to set localization of lesions when there is sciatica with one or another degree of certainty, as well as to determine the true cause of the disease in each case.

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